Research into the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer is currently being undertaken in various institutions, including university hospitals and medical centers.
In the area of genetics, researchers are looking into gene changes that may cause normal cells in the esophagus to become cancer cells. This research into the possible genetic causes of the disease may lead eventually to the development of tests that could find esophageal cancer while it is still at an early stage. This, in turn, could increase the patient’s chances for a cure. New treatments arising from such research could include gene therapies aimed at repairing changes to DNA in the cancer cells of the esophagus.
Researchers are also exploring new treatments in chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Clinical trials are underway to test new chemotherapy drug combinations. Tests are also being undertaken on ways to improve the effectiveness of combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
In the area of immunotherapy, researchers are evaluating experimental treatments aimed at increasing an individual’s immunity against esophageal cancer. One such approach involves the use of monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies are produced in the laboratory. They are then injected into patients. Once inside the body, these substances search for esophageal cancer cells by looking for excess amounts of protein that are usually found in esophageal cancer cells. These proteins include the HER-2 oncogene and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The use of these antibodies is currently the subject of clinical trials.
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Reviewed by:
Jiade J. Lu, M.D.
Diplomate, American Board of Radiology (Radiation Oncology)
Medical Director
The Cancer Information Network
Date Modified: 06/10/04
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